To stimulate the muscle you need to apply, through the electrodes, a current capable of causing the depolarization of the cell membrane and the subsequent contraction.
Research has shown that the stimulation is more effective and comfortable when the current pulses have a square and symmetrical shape.
The square shape is more advantageous because it allows to: – triggering the action potential of the muscle in the shortest time (rump-up verticale) – optimize the pulse effective due to the increased (greater intensity in the shortest time) square wave compared to other waveforms.
The current must also be compensated (form of symmetrical pulses) in order to avoid polarization effects (ionoforetici) electrical or chemical type. This type of current takes in fact subsequently positive and negative values symmetrically opposite that give a resultant equal to zero, avoiding redness or burning on the skin.